Study About Types of Topologies in Computer Networks

In Computer Networking there are some topologies via sender and receiver can communicate and work as network. There are list of topologies define below :

• Mesh Topology
• Star Topology
• Bus Topology
• Ring Topology
• Hybrid Topology

1]  Mesh Topology

A mesh offers several advantages over other network topologies. In this topology all nodes are connected with each other via dedicated links.

If there is total N number of node in the topology then total port require are N-1.

In Mesh Topology each node can get its own data so that there is no any chance of traffic issues. Also the mesh topology is robust means if one node has any technical issue or problem then it's not effects in the network. The mesh is also good for privacy and security while message send via particular dedicated link only that device can see the message. 

The problem with mesh topology is that related to links, it require lots of cables and create complex network and that can difficult for installation and maintenance. The hardware require for that is also expensive. So that some reason mesh topology not use in wide and complex network.

 

2]  Star topology

When each nodes are connected with central device via dedicated link that topology called star topology and that central device called Hub which is network device.

In star topology the node can not directly send data to another node. First of all the node send data to the hub and then hub send to the particular node. This will reduce the traffic in between nodes. Star topology is little less expensive than mesh. In star topology it easy to install and reconfigure. 

Star topology reduce the cabling in the network and make network easy. Also there is robustness in network if any link failed then it not impact on other link. But if hub failed and occur any technical issue then it will down all network.

3]  Bus topology

In Bus topology the all nodes are connected with multipoint connection with single link cable. With that cable all nodes are communicate and send or receive the message. As a multipoint we use hub as point which connect all link and all hubs are connected with each other.

As if any hub occur any technical issue then it will effect on entire network so that it's non-robust topology. In bus topology the cost of cable less as compare to other also cable requirement is less that make less complex topology.

In bus topology there are some issue like security is very low, traffic management not good that will reduce with some protocol like slotted-aloha, pure-aloha and CSMA/CD.

4]  Ring topology

In ring topology all devices are connected with their neighbor device that will create ring. In other manner we can connect first and last device of bus topology that will create ring topology as well.

In ring topology as multipoint device it use the repeaters for transmitting data. If the transmission will be bidirectional then its called dual ring topology.

The ring topology is very cheap to install and configure. Also it occur less collision in network. The network will be less secure and also if we want to add new station then it will take more time consuming.

5] Hybrid topology

When two or more different topologies are connected in one network is called as hybrid topology.

As you can see in below image there is star topology, mesh topology, ring topology and bus topology connect with each other.